WELLSVILLE, NY - Cold and flu season is on its way. With it comes the question: When do I need an antibiotic? Antibiotics are lifesaving drugs and they need to be used properly. However, according to a study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, at least 30 percent of antibiotics prescribed in the United States are unnecessary. Over prescribing antibiotics is one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance and is a threat to global health.
“Antibiotics are not always the answer because they only treat bacterial infections,” said Dr. William Coch, Medical Director at Jones Memorial Hospital. “Your provider may run some tests to determine if you have a viral or bacterial illness and – if needed – which antibiotic will work best for you.” A viral infection – such as a cold, bronchitis, flu, sore throat – will not be helped with an antibiotic. “You can find plenty of over-the-counter remedies to help with the symptoms,” he said. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, including whooping cough, strep throat, and urinary tract infections.
If you are not feeling well, your provider can determine if you have a virus or if it is a bacterium that has laid you low. “Blood, urine, and other tests can determine if the illness is caused by bacteria,” said Dr. Coch. “If these tests show that the illness IS caused by bacteria, the tests can also determine which antibiotic will work best for that illness.” Your healthcare provider may start you on an antibiotic if a bacterial infection is suspected, but if the tests results show that a different antibiotic – or that it is a bacterial infection – adjustments will be made. “Staying on an antibiotic when you don’t need one is more harmful than helpful,” he added.
There are side effects from antibiotics, some very serious. “But the most serious side effect of taking antibiotics is the risk of getting an antibiotic-resistant infection later,” added Dr. Coch. “These are often more difficult to treat and can lead to very serious complications.”
If you have questions about antibiotic treatment, talk to you provider.
